Electric forklifts are material-handling devices powered by rechargeable batteries, utilizing the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy for propulsion. Their primary classifications include four-way electric forklifts, electric pallet stackers, and manual-push electric stackers. These vehicles employ transistor controllers (utilizing SCR and MOSFET technologies) to enhance performance, characterized by their pollution-free operation, ease of use, energy efficiency, and high productivity. Regarding daily battery maintenance, users must ensure the battery is not placed horizontally and that distilled water is replenished periodically.
In 2006, sales of electric forklifts in China reached 22,874 units-an increase of nearly 38% over the previous year-though their market share stood at only 21% [1]. Sany Robotics introduced China's first 300V high-voltage lithium-ion forklift; capable of climbing a 25% gradient while fully loaded, the vehicle can operate for eight hours after just one hour of charging. The company successfully completed a single delivery order of 40 units of this model in the Middle East. Wenshang County has actively promoted the adoption of electric forklifts through a leasing model; taking a 4-ton counterbalance forklift as an example, the lithium-ion version reduces carbon emissions by 6,900 kilograms annually compared to a "National II" standard diesel forklift. Distinguished by features such as electronic steering systems and electronic signal controls, these devices are now widely utilized across various sectors, including port operations, warehousing, and the food industry.
